The
lofty bald head of Fukurokuju makes him an attractive model for Japanese carvers.
As depicted here, he is holding a scroll written in kanji: Seven Lucky Gods. A
more traditional image of Fukurokuju is often represented with a elongated cranium,
holding a staff with scroll, and accompanied by the crane, the deer, and or the
bushy-tailed tortoise (minogame). All are emblems of longevity, wealth, and good
fortune.
Fukurokuju
was introduced from China to Japan in the 15th century. There is a misconception
that he is a representation of Lao-tze (Roshi). Though undoubtedly his demeanor
may look like a Daoist to some, the name "Fukurokuju" is actually a combination
of three Chinese characters, "Fu", "Lu", and "Shu" which in fact represent three
Chinese Star Gods of Good Fortune. In addition, the identity of Fukurokuju is
also mixed with that of Jurojin, who often looks so much like him that they are
almost indistinguishable.